Urinary catheterization

catheterization is the introduction  of a tube (catheter) through the urethra into the urinary bladder to drain the bladder 
the catheter provides a continuous flow of urine in client unable to control those with obstruction

types of catheterization :-

1) intermittent
2) indwelling 

Intermittent catheterization :-

the straight single use catheters is inserted to drain the bladder when the bladder is empty immediately withdraw the catheter .we can repeat intermittent catheterization as necessary but each catheter insertion increase risk of trauma and infection  

indwelling catheterization (foley catheter):-

an indwelling or foley catheter remains in place for a longer period of time until a client is able  to void voluntary or continuous accurate measurement of urine are no longer necessary  .
  the foley catheter also has an many as two or three separate lumens within the body of the catheter .

the size of catheter :- 

• green- 6 number french
• blue- 8 number french
• black- 10 number french
• white- 12 number french
• green- 14 number french
• orange-16 number french
• red -18 number french
• yellow- 20 number french
• purple- 22 number french
• blue - 24 number french
• black - 26 number french

children s - 8 or 10 number french 

woman -   14 or 16 number french 

male  -    16 or 18 number french

 Indication for catheterization :-

intermittent cathetrization : 

• relieve discomfort and bladder distention .
• obtain sterile urine specimen.
• assess presence of residual urine when bladder empties incompletely.  
• long term management of client with spinal and injuries .

indwelling catheterization :

short term :-

• obstruction to urine flow 
• client under going surgical repair of urethra 
• provides mean to measure output in critically ill clients
• provides continuous or intermittent bladder irrigation .

long term :-

• cases of serves urinary catheterization with recruitment episodes of urinary tract infections. 
• clients with skin rashes ,ulcer or wounds irritated by contact with urine 
• terminally ill clients for whom bed linen changes are painful.

purpose :

• to get a sterile with specimen for diagnostic purpose 
• to empty the bladder when a condition of retention is thought to exit .
• to determine whether the failure t void is due to retention or suppression 
• to measure the residual urine when the bladder is incompletely emptied 
• to empty the bladder period to surgery involving rectum ,vegena and pelvic organs there by preventing injury to the distended bladder.
• to prevent urine from passing over a wound 
• to provide intermittent continuous bladder drainage and irrigation .
• to manage in-contingency when all other messes to  skin breakdown have failed .

general istructions :

• avoid catheterization unless ordered .apply all the nursing measures to induce urination before the catheterization of the bladder .
• observe strict aseptic techniques to prevent the urinary tract infections .
• always use a rubber catheter for a child , pregnant women and unconscious clients. 

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